Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Cerebrum , Skull , Bone Development , Development IndicatorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Infant apnea is a common problem that conveys significant burden to families and physicians. Its temporal relationship with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is controversial. AIM: To establish whether infants with GER of different magnitude have a higher incidence of respiratory events than children without GER. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 146 consecutive patients were evaluated with polisomnography (PSG) and with an esophageal pH probe. Those infants without GER episodes or with an esophageal pH below 4.0 in less than 5 per cent of total sleep time were considered as physiologic GER (Group I), between 5-10 per cent as mild GER (Group II), and over 10 per cent as severe GER (Group III). These groups were evaluated for demographic and polysomnographic characteristics. RESULTS: There were no differences in the demographic and global PSG characteristics neither in oxymetry, heart rate or electroencephalographic abnormalities. Group III infants had a higher percentage of active sleep compared to infants of Group I (p < 0.05) and higher incidence of central pauses and apneas compared to infants of Group I (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of severe GER may modify the sleep pattern in infants, increasing the percentage of active sleep. The presence of central pauses and apneas in infants with severe GER suggest an association between the inmaturity of the respiratory centers and the adaptation of the anti-reflux mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology , Polysomnography , Apnea/etiology , Apnea/physiopathology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Prospective Studies , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/etiologySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Electroencephalography/methods , Intellectual Disability/complications , Seizures/diagnosisABSTRACT
Se efectua un analisis retrospectivo de fichas de ninos con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (I.R.A.) de origen exclusivamente pulmonar que necesitan ventilacion mecanica (V.M.) durante el periodo de 1980 y 1981. Se encuentra un predominio de lactantes menores con antecedentes de prematurez y eutroficos en el momento de enfermar. La causa mas frecuente de I.R.A. fue la bronconeumonia, en general necesitaron V.M., por menos 7 dias y en promedio estuvieron hospitalizados por 36,6 dias. La mortalidad de nuestra serie fue de 23% y de los que no fallecen, la gran mayoria se encontraban asintomaticos en el momento del alta
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Female , Bronchiolitis, Viral , Bronchopneumonia , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory InsufficiencyABSTRACT
La enfermedad de Addison en el nino, es poco corriente. Se presenta el caso de un nino de 13 anos con Enfermedad de Addison, cuyo diagnostico se sospecho por presentar crisis hipoglicemicas y sintomas neuropsiquiatricos. El control del tratamiento con mineralocorticoides, se, efectuo midiendo la actividad de la renina plasmatica. Se considera de interes conocer las diferentes formas de presentacion de esta enfermedad, para evitar diagnosticos tardios y se analiza las ventajas del corticoide fluorado, como terapia de reemplazo mineralocorticoidea